Appendix 2
Applicability of sources by chapter
KZ-01, KZ-02, and KZ-04 are the core organizational documents for every chapter. The table lists additional relevant documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the main international sources used for the regulatory and reference update. It does not replace the bibliography or imply that every source supports every statement in a chapter.
| Chapter | Title | Additional Kazakhstan sources | International sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Organization of emergency urological care | — | — |
| 2 | Initial assessment of the urological patient | — | INT-06 |
| 3 | Acute pain in urology: differential diagnosis | — | INT-01, INT-03 |
| 4 | Ultrasonography in emergency urological practice | — | INT-01, INT-03 |
| 5 | Laboratory investigations and assessment of illness severity | — | INT-06, INT-07 |
| 6 | Sepsis and septic shock in urology | — | INT-02, INT-06 |
| 7 | Antimicrobial therapy and prevention of resistance | — | INT-02, INT-06, INT-15, INT-24 |
| 8 | Renal colic | — | INT-01 |
| 9 | Acute upper urinary tract obstruction | — | INT-01 |
| 10 | Acute pyelonephritis and obstructive pyelonephritis | — | INT-02 |
| 11 | Gross hematuria, hemorrhagic syndrome, and clot retention | — | INT-03 |
| 12 | Infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis | — | INT-02 |
| 13 | Acute renal failure in urological disease | KZ-08, KZ-09 | INT-07, INT-08 |
| 14 | Acute cortical and papillary necrosis: urological considerations | KZ-CP-01, KZ-CP-02 | INT-02, INT-07 |
| 15 | Renal trauma | KZ-08 | INT-03, INT-25 |
| 16 | Ureteral rupture | KZ-03 | INT-03 |
| 17 | Iatrogenic upper urinary tract injuries | — | INT-03 |
| 18 | Emergency management of urolithiasis | KZ-CP-01 | INT-01 |
| 19 | Ureteral stones: choosing a management strategy | KZ-07, KZ-CP-01 | INT-01 |
| 20 | Staghorn and large renal stones | KZ-CP-01, KZ-CP-02 | INT-01 |
| 21 | Infected stones and struvite nephrolithiasis | KZ-07, KZ-CP-01 | INT-01, INT-02 |
| 22 | Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in emergency urology | KZ-06, KZ-08, KZ-CP-01 | INT-01 |
| 23 | Ureteroscopy and RIRS: their role in emergency practice | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-08, KZ-CP-01 | INT-01 |
| 24 | Acute urinary retention | KZ-07, KZ-CP-03 | INT-08, INT-14, INT-22 |
| 25 | Bladder catheterization and difficult catheterization | KZ-06, KZ-08, KZ-10, KZ-11 | INT-13, INT-25 |
| 26 | Clot retention | KZ-06, KZ-08, KZ-13, KZ-14 | INT-11, INT-18 |
| 27 | Acute cystitis and complicated lower urinary tract infection | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-CP-04 | INT-02, INT-15, INT-17, INT-24 |
| 28 | Acute urethritis and periurethral complications | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-09, INT-21 |
| 29 | Acute scrotum | — | INT-04, INT-21 |
| 30 | Testicular torsion | — | INT-04 |
| 31 | Torsion of the appendix testis, epididymitis, and orchitis | KZ-07, KZ-CP-05 | INT-02, INT-04, INT-21 |
| 32 | Scrotal and testicular trauma | — | INT-03 |
| 33 | Priapism | KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-05, INT-19 |
| 34 | Acute penile pain | — | INT-05 |
| 35 | Paraphimosis and complicated phimosis | KZ-06, KZ-08 | — |
| 36 | Penile fracture | — | INT-03 |
| 37 | Acute complications after penile injections and implantation | KZ-06, KZ-08 | — |
| 38 | Acute urinary retention after urological procedures | KZ-06, KZ-08 | INT-14 |
| 39 | General principles of urological trauma | KZ-03, KZ-08 | INT-03 |
| 40 | Bladder trauma | KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-03, INT-25 |
| 41 | Urethral injury | KZ-08, KZ-10 | INT-03, INT-13, INT-25 |
| 42 | External genital trauma | KZ-03, KZ-06, KZ-07 | INT-03 |
| 43 | Open and penetrating urogenital injuries | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-03 |
| 44 | Bleeding after endoscopic procedures | KZ-03, KZ-06, KZ-08, KZ-13, KZ-14 | INT-11, INT-18 |
| 45 | Fever and sepsis after urological surgery | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-08, KZ-CP-02 | INT-02, INT-06 |
| 46 | Ureteral injury after gynecological and abdominal surgery | — | INT-03 |
| 47 | Bladder perforation and urinary extravasation | — | INT-03 |
| 48 | Acute obstruction after ureteral stenting and nephrostomy | KZ-06 | INT-01 |
| 49 | Complications after transurethral surgery | KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-20 |
| 50 | Emergency urology in pregnancy | KZ-07, KZ-10, KZ-CP-04 | INT-10, INT-12 |
| 51 | Emergency urology in children | KZ-07, KZ-10, KZ-11, KZ-CP-06 | INT-04, INT-22 |
| 52 | Older patients and polypharmacy | KZ-07, KZ-09 | INT-02, INT-15 |
| 53 | Patients with a solitary kidney | KZ-07, KZ-09, KZ-CP-01 | INT-01, INT-07, INT-23 |
| 54 | Anticoagulants and bleeding in urology | KZ-07, KZ-08, KZ-13, KZ-14 | INT-11, INT-18 |
| 55 | Diabetes mellitus and urological infections | KZ-07, KZ-08, KZ-CP-02 | INT-02, INT-16, INT-26 |
| 56 | Algorithm for acute flank pain | KZ-CP-01 | INT-01, INT-03 |
| 57 | Algorithm for hematuria | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-03 |
| 58 | Algorithm for acute urinary retention | KZ-06, KZ-CP-03 | INT-08, INT-14, INT-22 |
| 59 | Algorithm for acute scrotum | — | INT-04 |
| 60 | Algorithm for the septic urological patient | KZ-03, KZ-08, KZ-CP-02 | INT-02, INT-06 |
| 61 | Algorithm for urinary tract obstruction | KZ-CP-01, KZ-CP-04 | INT-01, INT-03 |
| 62 | Algorithm for genitourinary trauma | KZ-08 | INT-03 |
| 63 | Algorithm for complications after urological procedures | KZ-06, KZ-07, KZ-08 | INT-02, INT-03, INT-06 |
| 64 | Drainage: choosing between a nephrostomy, stent, and catheter | KZ-06, KZ-CP-01 | INT-01, INT-03 |
| 65 | Referral and transfer pathways and admission criteria | KZ-03, KZ-08, KZ-10, KZ-CP-03 | — |
| 66 | Quality assurance and documentation in emergency urological care | KZ-05, KZ-07, KZ-10, KZ-11, KZ-12, KZ-13, KZ-14 | No additional international sources |
| 67 | Clinical case reviews: common errors and how to avoid them | KZ-CP-01 | INT-01, INT-02, INT-03, INT-06, INT-19, INT-20 |